concentration 10× tirap  (Novus Biologicals)

Journal: Journal of neuroinflammation

Article Title: α-Synuclein orchestrates Th17 responses as antigen and adjuvant in Parkinson's disease.

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03359-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 XBP-1s expression in α-synuclein-stimulated DCs. (A, B) mDCs generated from healthy subjects (Table 1) were cultured in the presence or absence of high-dose (50 µg/ml) αS monomers or fibrils for 24 h. XBP-1s expression in CD209+ mDCs was analyzed. Gating strategies are shown in Supplementary Fig. 7. A representative histogram is shown in (A) and the XBP-1 s+ ratio in CD209+ mDCs (n = 7) is shown in (B). (C) Cryopreserved PBMCs from PD patients (n = 8) and age-matched controls (n = 5) were subjected to flow cytometric analysis (Supplementary Table 4). Gating strategies are shown in Supplementary Fig. 12. The XBP-1 s+ ratio in CD1c+ type 2 conventional DCs (cDC2s) is shown. (D–G) mDCs generated from healthy subjects (Table 1, n = 6) were treated with a TLR4 inhibitor, TAK-242 (60 µM) (D, E), or an IRE1-XBP-1s inhibitor, STF-083010 (120 µM) (F, G), for 2 h prior to 24 h stimulation with high-dose (50 µg/ml) αS fibrils. Vehicle containing the same concentration of DMSO was used as a control. (D–F) XBP-1s expression in CD209+ mDCs was analyzed. A representative histogram is shown in (D), and the XBP-1s+ ratio in CD209+ mDCs is shown in (E, F). (G) IL-6 and IL-23 concentrations in the culture supernatants were measured. mono, monomer; TAK, TAK-242; STF, STF-083010; XBP-1s, spliced X-box binding protein-1. Each dot indicates the value of one individual. Data represent the mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. P-values were determined by the Friedman test (B), the Mann–Whitney U-test (C), or Wilcoxon’s matched-pairs signed-rank test (E–G)

Article Snippet: For inhibitor experiments, a TLR4 inhibitor (TAK-242), TLR1/2 inhibitor (TLR2-IN-C29), or XBP-1 s inhibitor (STF-083010) was purchased from Selleck Chem (Houston, TX, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Generated, Cell Culture, Concentration Assay, Control, Binding Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Exopolysaccharides extracted from Parachlorella kessleri inhibit colon carcinoma growth in mice via stimulation of host antitumor immune responses

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175064

Figure Lengend Snippet: SPLs were stimulated with 10 μg/ml PCEPS and 100 ng/ml LPS (TLR4 agonist) in the presence of 15 μg/ml OxPAC (TLR2 and TLR4 inhibitor) and 50 μg/ml Polymyxin B (an inhibitor of LPS-induced TLR4 activation). Inhibitory effect of TLR inhibitors on SPL growth was evaluated by MTT assay at 48 hrs after the treatment. *, P<0.05 compared to PBS-treated SPLs in each group by Tukey’s test.

Article Snippet: OxPAPC (TLR2 and TLR4 inhibitor) and Polymyxin B (TLR4 inhibitor) were from InvitroGen (San Diego, CA).

Techniques: Activation Assay, MTT Assay